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THIS IS THE EIGHTH PAGE
of documents for the FIRST HALF of 1931
on Nicaragua's Caribbean Coast
region, housing materials dated in the month of June.
The aftereffects of the April
offensive continue rippling
throughout the northern parts of the
Coast, with the same types of
documents expressing themes similar
to those highlighted on previous
pages. The Moravian
missionaries unanimously decide to
stop charging Miskitu converts for
communion & that “all Church
Contributions be used only to
support Indian work” — and, that “in
view of the influx of the Spanish
element from the Interior … and the
anti-foreign attitude propagated by
Sandino and his followers,” that
they should build a special training
school in Pearl Lagoon for teaching
the natives in Spanish (1 & 2 June).
We see Sandino, in three
never-before published missives,
informing Manuel Flores, Florencio
Silva & Sebastian Montenegro Pineda
in Las Segovias that two of his
leading officers, Gen. Carlos
Salgado & Col. Abraham Rivera, are
poised on the outskirts of Cabo
Gracias a Dios & Puerto Cabezas (8
June); his military commission to
Lt. Col. Perfecto Chavarria & Capt.
Francisco Ellis for another
expedition to the Coast (18 June);
and, most significantly, his
bizarrely formulated “Manifesto to
the Oppressed Men of the Atlantic
Littoral” (21 June). We see
Col. Wynn in Bluefields announcing
that the national government has
declared the entire “LITORAL
ATLANTICO in an official state of
siege,” along with the expansion of
Guardia power through the creation
of new posts at Moss Farm, Kipla
Farm & along the railroad line.
“There is no evidence of actual
presence of bandit elements in this
area,” writes Wynn, though he does
note “a few rumors in the Northern
Department of probable bandit
activity in that section” — a likely
reference to the Salgado-Rivera
column (8 June). Guardia Jefe
Director Gen. Matthews and Cabo
Gracias businessmen Albert Fagot &
Manuel C. y Bordas continue ironing
out the details for Guardia
protection of the Río Coco (20 & 22
June), while 1st Sgt. Rivas’s patrol
report describes his patrol’s
excursion to Waspook & its environs,
which he describes as “entirely
quiet” (25 June).
It will not remain "quiet" for long.
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PERIOD MAPS
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1894 mosquito
shore
27 MB,
library of congress
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1920s
Standard Fruit
6.5 mb,
US National archives
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1928 Rio wanks
Patrol
3 mb, us
national archives
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1931 Moravian
2.4 mb,
comenius press
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1 June 1931.
Minutes of Informal Consultation among
the Moravian Bretheren, Bluefields,
signed by D.
Haglund, H. H. Stortz, G. H. Heath.
"The brethren
Danneberger, Haglund, Heath, Stortz,
Wilson, Wolff and the Sisters
Danneberger, Haglund, Heath met on
Monday morning June 1st for an informal
consultation about the present acute
emergency in our Mission Province. Bro.
Shimer was invited, but was prevented
from being present; and Br. Palmer was
out of town. ¶ It was felt strongly that
our Indian congregations have never
understood and do not now understand our
financial arrangements, particularly our
system of so-called Church Dues; and
that the Mission has been seriously
slandered on that account. The brethren
Haglund, Stortz and Heath were appointed
as a committee to look into this matter
and make suggestions to P.B. and S.P.G.
¶ The Committee’s findings were as
follows: ¶ 1. We recommend, through
P.B., that in our Indian congregations
NO collection of any sort should be made
in connection with the Communion; and
that the wine be paid for out of the
Local congregation Account. When a Poor
Fund is needed we suggest that the
offerings at the Public services on
Communion Sunday could be for the poor.
¶ 2. We earnestly urge that arrears of
Church Contributions (“Mani Ialaka”—be
NOT counted as debts from year to year;
further, that no member be kept back
from Communion for non-payment.
Persistent delinquents might be
disciplined by depriving them of the
right to attend or vote at Congregation
Council Meetings. ¶ 3. However, we are
convinced that the whole system of
Church Contributions needs radical
alteration. We recommend that early in
the New Year a Congregation Council be
called, at which each member is asked to
make a voluntary assessment for the
year. It would be especially important
that the minister, evangelist, or other
official worker should assess himself
along with the rest. The amount promised
might be collected in quarterly
installments, payable preferably at
Quarterly Congregation Council meetings.
¶ 4. We most earnestly urge that all
Church Contributions be used only to
support Indian work; and that our
Provincial Accounts and Local Station
Accounts be made to show this. And to
this end we suggest that this money, AS
WELL AS THE SUNDAY COLLECTIONS, be
entirely at the disposal of the local
congregation acting through its church
committee; and that out of the Local
Church Funds gathered by collections,
voluntary annual assessment or any other
means, the congregation make a
substantial grant each year towards an
Indian Worker Fund, out of which our
Indian evangelist (catechists),
teachers, and eventually ministers,
should be paid. ¶ 5. We realize that if
our suggestion is accepted, we would not
able for the first year or two to make
any estimate as to the probable result.
¶ 6. If our suggestion be accepted,
changes would have to be made in our
book of Order, Brotherly Agreement, and
Annual Account Blanks. ¶ 7. We strongly
urge that under no circumstances
whatever fees should be requested or
charged for ecclesiastical rites, as
Baptism, Marriage and Burial: but
voluntary offerings may always be
accepted and should be included in the
Local Church Funds mentioned above. (It
should be observed that actually in our
Indian congregations such fees as are
referred to have rarely been charged.) ¶
NOTE. The above recommendations apply to
the Indian congregations from Quamwatla
northward; and also the Karawala
pastoral charge if this should not be
included in the Southern District. ¶
Signed: ¶ D. Haglund ¶ H. H. Stortz ¶ G.
R. Heath"
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1 June 1931.
Letter from A. O.
Danneberger, Fr. Wolff & Hedley E.
Wilson, Bluefields, to the
Directors of the Society for the
Propagation of the Gospel, Bethlehem,
PA.
"Dear
Brethren:--¶ We missionaries having been
forced by existing conditions to be in
Bluefields, met together for a general
discussion of some of the vital problems
that confront the Province. The present
action of the brethren was taken in view
of the rapid changes that are taking
place which aggravate these problems. ¶
The brethren present asked the Bretheren
Danneberger, Wolff and H. Wilson as a
committee to inquire into the present
state of our educational work in the
Province, and to send in their findings
to be P.B. and S.P.G. ¶ In view of the
influx of the Spanish element from the
Interior that is felt everywhere, and
will be more so upon the completion of
the Rama Highway and the Pearl Lagoon
Canal, and the anti-foreign attitude
propagated by Sandino and his followers,
more and more thoroughly trained natives
are demanded. ¶ Therefore, we find it
necessary to concentrate our educational
efforts upon the thorough education of
natives in Spanish, and this can only be
done by creating a Spanish atmosphere in
a specially equipped training school. ¶
It was the unanimous opinion of the
brethren that such a school should be
located in Pearl Lagoon in view of its
recent industrial developments – rice
mill, sawmill and agriculture. ¶
Discussing the building plans and the
employment of Spanish teachers, we have
come to the conclusion that the amounts
hitherto granted for the various
educational purpose in the Province,
viz., grant for training evangelists,
educating a few Indian boys in
Bluefields, and the grant of $2000 used
for the Junior High School would be
sufficient for the execution of the plan
laid before you, without asking for
additional grants. This will be made
possible by the development of the rice
industry in Pearl Lagoon, which was
begun with the intention of opening an
educational centre for the Coast. We
feel bound to add that in our deliberate
opinion the Junior High School is not
fulfilling its purpose, particularly
with regard to the training of Indian
teachers. ¶ We also beg to remind S.P.G.
of the repeated petitions of the native
brethren in regard to the education of
their children. We are of the opinion
that this would solve the problem. ¶ The
main idea of this petition is nothing
new, having been presented at each
G.M.C. The present situation demands
immediate attention and we believe this
is to be our last opportunity to
maintain our educational influence and
usefulness. A copy of this petition is
also sent to P.B. ¶ Yours fraternally,
[Signed] ¶ A. O. Danneberger ¶ Fr. Wolff
¶ Hedley E. Wilson"
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2 June 1931.
Memorandum of Meeting Held June 2nd,
1931, in Bluefields, signed by
C. Conrad Shrimer
& A. O. Danneberger.
"An informal
conference was held this date between
Brother C. Conrad Shimer, Acting
Superintendant in the absence of Bishop
Grossmann, and Brother Danneberger, who
had come to Bluefields to send his
children to the United States. ¶ MURDER
OF BRO. KARL BREGENZER ¶ Official
announcement is made of the murder by
Sandinistas at Musawas of Brother Karl
Bregenzer, on March 31st. His family,
consisting of his wife, two children and
mother-in-law, were in the “bush” at the
time of the brutal slaying. After a
month of great anxiety and uncertainty,
Sister Bregenzer and her family arrived
safely in Bluefields Saturday morning,
May 2nd. ¶ ASSEMBLING OF MISSIONARIES AT
BLUEFIELDS ¶ Due to the outbreak of
lawlessness and threats made against the
missionaries, Brother Shimer dispatched
a schooner to Kaurkira, Honduras, to get
Brother and Sister Heath, Sister
Kreitlow and the Haglund family and to
bring them to Bluefields. The Haglunds
had fled into Honduras from Cape Gracias
when it became known the Sandinistas
were approaching Cabo Gracias.
Accompanying them from the Cape was Leo
Mueller, one of the native evangelist,
and his family, as Leo’s life had been
threatened. Going into Honduras the
Haglunds had taken Miss Kreitlow with
them. In the meantime the Stortezes had
fled from the Cape to Sandy Bay, and
with the Bishops had come to Puerto
Cabezas, and from here they were brought
to Bluefields. ¶ FURLOS [sic] AND
SAILINGS FOR THE UNITED STATES ¶ Brother
and Sister Bishop and son sailed for
their homeland on May 14th on furlo. The
same ship carried Sister Bregenzer and
her family. ¶ Because of the
interruption of the work it was decided
to have Miss Kreitlow take her furlo,
ordinarily due next year, in the current
year in the hope that conditions would
warrant resumption of the work when she
returns. The same ship also took to the
United States Margaret, Arthur and Edwin
Danneberger, all going earlier than
contemplated because of existing
conditions. ¶ It is pointed out that
there have been many unusual
extra-budget expenses in these weeks,
the travelling of Miss Kreitlow and the
Danneberger boys also not having been
allowed for in the budget. ¶ PLACING OF
EVANGELISTS DURING INTERRUPTION OF WORK
¶ It is known that the evangelists from
Bilwi north have stopped work due to the
unrest prevailing in the country.
Dannery Downs at Bilwaskarma is the only
evangelist who has remained at his post.
¶ Unable to continue work at Tuberus for
the same reason of unrest, Artemis
Wright was removed from that place and
sent to work at Wounta and Walpasiksa.
It was decided to pay all the . . . ¶
[Signed:] C. Conrad Shimer, A.O.
Danneberger"
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2 June 1931.
Petition from Miskito Indians.
Area Commander
Col. C. A. Wynn, Bluefields, to
Jefe Director GN, Managua.
(See
Miskitu petition of 15 May 1931)
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8 June 1931.
Letter from Gen.
Augusto C. Sandino, Cuartel
General del EDSN, to Manuel Flores,
Florencio Silva and Sebastian Montenegro
Pineda, El Encanto de Las Segovias.
(SOURCE:
NA127/E38/Box 30) "Cuartel
General del EDSNN. 8 de Junio de
1931. Señores ¶ Juez
de la Mesta Manuel Flores ¶
Correo Local Florencio Silva y ¶
Jefe de Espionaje en la zona Oeste
Sebastian Montenegro Pineda ¶
El Encanto de Las Segovias ¶
Queridos hermanos: ¶ Fué en
mi poder sus muy atenta nota, en la que
se sirven participarnos de la
organizacion hecha por Uds, con los
vecinos de ese lugar para el servicio de
nuestra santa y gloriosa causa. ¶
Tenemos noticias de que el enemigo trata
de hacer un esfuerzo para entrar a estas
montañas, pero todo lo tenemos preparado
para desacerles cualquier plan que ellos
traten de desarrollar. ¶
Nuestra columna No 4, que antes operó
bajo las ordenes de nuestro inolvidable
hermano General Miguel Angel Ortez, y
que hoy opera bajo las ordenes de
nuestro hermano General Juan Gregorio
Colindres, muy pronto batiran al enemigo
por los lados del Jicaro y Jalapa.
¶ Nuestra columna No 3, que opera
bajo las ordenes del hermano General
Pedro Antonio Irias, está lista para
atacar culaquiera de las plazas cercanas
a estas montañas, si el enemigo las
dejase deviles. Tambien nuestra
columna No 5 que opera bajo las ordenes
del hermano General José Leon Diaz,
atacará la plaza que le sea posible.
¶ Ayer recibimos comunicaciones de
nuestras columnas No 2 y No 6 que operan
bajo las ordenes de los hermanos General
Carlos Salgado y Coronel Abraham Rivera,
participandonos de que se encuetran
nuevamente en el Cabo de Gracias a Dios
y Puerto Cabezas. Dicen tambien
que se les há presentado mucha gente y
que entraron gran cantidad de gente
armada de la revolucionaria de Honduras
y que se han ingresado a nuestras
columnas expedicionarias. ¶
Nuestra columna No 1 que opera bajo las
ordenes de nuestro hermano General de
Divicion Pedro Altamirano, há tenido
brillantes triunfos en los alrrededores
de Matagalpa. ¶ En uno de
estos dias llegarán a este Cuartel
General, 20 rifles equipados y tres
Ametralladoras, para utilizarlos en la
vigilanza de la orilla de esta montaña y
evitar de que el enemigo entretan
tranquilo a robarse el mais de los
vecinos. ¶ Les remito las
constancias que solictan para los 5
hermanos Detectives que estarán bajo las
ordenes inmediatas de los tres de
Ustedes. ¶ No son
nombramientos, sino que constancias las
que se le remiten a los cinco hermanos
mencionados. ¶ Cualquiera de
nuestros Jefes que lleguen por esa Zona,
se entenderan con los 3 Ustedes. ¶
Sinceramente sus hermano, ¶
Patria y Libertad, /s/ A. C. Sandino"
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1.
8 June 1931.
Record of Events, Eastern Area, May
1931. Col.
C. A. Wynn, Bluefields, to Jefe
Director GN Managua, p. 1.
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2.
8 June 1931.
Record of Events, Eastern Area, May
1931. Col.
C. A. Wynn, Bluefields, to Jefe
Director GN Managua, p. 2.
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3.
8 June 1931.
Record of Events, Eastern Area, May
1931. Col.
C. A. Wynn, Bluefields, to Jefe
Director GN Managua, p. 3.
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9 June 1931.
Official Names of new Guardia posts,
Department of Northern Bluefields.
Col. C. A. Wynn,
Bluefields, to Jefe Director GN Managua.
"GUARDIA NACIONAL
DE NICARAGUA ¶ CUARTEL GENERAL, AREA DEL
ESTE Bluefields, Nicaragua. 9 June 1931.
¶ From: The Area Commander, Eastern
Area. ¶ To: The Jefe Director,
Headquarters Guardia Nacional de
Nicaragua, Managua, Nicaragua. ¶
Subject: Official names of new Guardia
posts, Department of Northern
Bluefields. ¶ 1. It will be noted that
in current monthly reports, Record of
Events, Area personnel Report, that the
following names have been used for the
newly established posts, on the Bragman
Bluff Lumber Company Railroad line which
is owned by the Standard Fruit and
Steamship Company:- ¶ “MOSS FARM”,
located in the Tigne Farms District. ¶
“KIFLA FARM”, located in the New Vance
Tract. ¶ 2. Unless directed to the
contrary, the above names, i.e., MOSS
FARM, and KIPLA FARM, will be used as
the official designation of the new
posts. ¶ 3. Reference is made in
connection with this correspondence to
my radiogram dispatch, number 14323 MAY
21, and also to the map entitled “Map
Showing Bragman Bluff Lumber Co.,
Nicaraguan Properties”, dated Nov. 17,
1928. The latter named reference shows
“MOSS”, and “KIFLA”, blocked out in
clear lines. (signed) C. A. WYNN"
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15 June
1931.
Letter from Gen.
C. B. Matthews, Jefe Director GN,
Managua, to Colonel Irwing A. Lindberg,
Collector of Customs & High
Commissioner, Managua.
"This
acknowledges receipt of your letter,
dated June 8, 1931, enclosing copy of a
communication you received from Mr. A.
Fagot, Cape Gracias. ¶ The
subject matter of Mr. Fagot's letter,
particularly the last paragraph, has
been under consideration for several
weeks and if present plans materialize
it may be possible to establish a
Guardia post at Waspuc or its vicinity.
¶ At the present time this
organization is in correspondence with
Mr. Manuel C. y Bordas, Nicaraguan
products corporation, Cape Gracias, on
the subject of raising an additional
force of guardias to be supported by
contributions from his Company and other
business concerns that are interested.
Mr. Bordas made the suggestion and
expressed willingness on behalf of
himself and others to enter into such an
agreement. The Guardia tentatively
accepted the general plan and offered to
establish a post of 2 officers and 30
men at Waspuc, the cost of 20 men to be
borne by merchants and the Guardia to
defray the expenses of 10. That is
the way the matter stands at present
andI will advise you of the action
eventually taken by Mr. Bordas on the
proposition. ¶ It is
suggested that you advise Mr. Fagot to
get in touch with Mr. Bordas in Cape
Gracias, as it appears that they have
interests somewhat in common and that
cooperation of the two would be
beneficial to all concerned."
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18 June
1931.
Credentials from
Gen. Augusto C. Sandino, Cuartel
General del EDSNN, to Tnte. Cor.
Perfecto Chavarría & Capt. Francisco
Ellis Respectivamente de Comisión
Militar de Nuestro Ejército en el
Litoral Atlántico de Nuestra República.
(SOURCE:
NA127/E38/Box 30; original document,
captured by Lt. Gray, 3 Feb. 1932)
"El suscrito General y Jefe Supremo del
Ejercito Defensor de la Soberania
Nacional de Nicaragua, en uso de las
facultades conferidas por el mismo
Ejercito, extiende el presente
nombramiento a los hermanos Teniente
Coronel Perfecto Chavarria y Capitan
Francisco Ellis, de Jefes
respectivamente de la comision militar
que con esta fecha sale de este Cuartel
General de nuestro Ejercito a la Costa
Atlantica de nuestra Republica. ¶
En esa virtud, quedan autorizados los
mencionados Jefes, á solicitar elementos
belicos y recursos economicos para el
sostenimiento de las fuerzas a su mando,
pero sin contraer compromisos politicos
con nadie. ¶ Respetense y
cumplanse las ordenes que emanen del
Coronel Chavarria y el Capitan Ellis, en
sus caracter de Jefes de comision
militar de nuestro Ejercito. ¶
Dado en el Cuartel General del Ejercito
Defensor de la Soberania Nacional de
Nicaragua, á los diez y ocho dias del
mes de Junio de mil novecientos treinta
y uno. ¶ Patria y
Libertad /s/ A. C. Sandino"
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20 June
1931.
MANIFIESTO A LOS HOMBRES OPRIMIDOS EN
NUESTRO LITORAL ATLANTICO.
Gen. Augusto C.
Sandino, Cuartel General del
EDSNN, p. 1.
(High-resolution
scans of original document [ca. 8 MB].
SOURCE: NA127/E38/Box 30. Captured
by Lt. Gray, 3 Feb. 1932, Biltigne
River.) "Queridos hermanos:
¶ Todos vosotros sabeis que ste
Continente en que vivimos, fue
descubierto el 12 de Octubre de 1492,
por los Españoles. ¶ De los
Mares surgió este Continente cuando se
hundió Atlantica, hace 87 siglos.
La Atlantica existió en el lugar que hoy
se llama MAR MEDITERRANEO. ¶
Americo Vespucio se llamó el hombre
Español que hizo el primer mapa de este
Continente, y por esa razon se llama
Continente Americano. ¶
Tambien habreis oido decir algo de los
profetas, quienes han sido descendientes
del Pueblo de Isrrael, y que por
Abraham, el ESPIRITU de "LUZ Y VERDAD",
prometió al Pueblo de Isrrael una Tierra
que en aquellos tiempos era ignorada de
los otros continentes. ¶
España fué la designada a descubrir la
Tierra en cuestion. En Galicia vivió
Santiago, hermano de Jesus é hijo
tambien de José y Maria. En esta
Tierra de promision descubierta por los
Españoles, se fundirian todas las razas
del glovo terrestre. ¶
Jesus, y todos los Profetas siempre han
sido Comunistas. Por esa misma
razon constituiremos en esta Tierra de
promision, el principal brote de adeptos
LA COMUNA UNIVERSAL. ¶ Los
suprematicos por negocio traian del
Africa, Negros a venderlos para
esclavos. Quienes mas hicieron ese
negocio, fueron los Ingleses. ¶
Inglaterra, Alemania, Francia y otros
paises Europeos se dedicaron a la
pirateria despues del descubrimineto de
America y en esa forma fue que tuvieron
colonias en America los Paises Europeos.
En un tiempo estuvo bajo el dominio de
Inglaterra, nuestra misma Costa
Atlantica Nicaraguense. ¶
Centro America se independizó de España
el 15 de Septiembre de 1821, pero por
nuestras riquezas naturales, hemos sido
principalmente en Nicaragua, el blanco
de las Ambiciones imperialistas. ¶
Los banqueros Yankis han establecido en
Nicaragua una Escuela de traidores a la
Patria, pero aqui mismo en Nicaragua, ha
surgido nuestro Ejercito Libertador,
para probar a los hombres de la Tierra
que ya no es hora de las injusticias.
¶ Nuestro Ejercito, que esté
compuesto de negros, indios, blancos,
etc, etc, y sin prejuicio de razas ni
clases, está propuesto a implantar en
Nicaragua los principios de fraternidad
humana, y para conseguirlo, pide por el
conducto de esta Jefatura Suprema, el
imprescindible apoya moral y material de
todo el Pueblo Nicaraguense. ¶
Nuestro Ejercito tiene entendido de que
nuestro Pueblo ha sido trasionado por
sus caudillos y que por eso por mucho
tiempo ha permanecide indiferente ante
los llamamientos que en Manifiestos
anteriores hemos hecho. ..."
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20 June
1931.
MANIFIESTO A LOS HOMBRES OPRIMIDOS EN
NUESTRO LITORAL ATLANTICO.
Gen. Augusto C.
Sandino, Cuartel General del
EDSNN, p. 2.
(High-resolution
scans of original document [ca. 8 MB].
SOURCE: NA127/E38/Box 30. Captured
by Lt. Gray, 3 Feb. 1932, Biltigne
River.) " ...
¶ Nuestro Ejercito no es
caudillazco y está compuesto desde el
mas humilde de sus soldados hasta su
Jefe Supremo, todos son obreros y
campesinos y sin prejuicios de clases,
ni cientificos ni religiosos.
¶ Cuartel General del Ejercito
Defensor de la Soberania Nacional de
Nicaragua, Junio 20 de 1931. ¶
Patria y Libertad ¶
/s/ A. C. Sandino"
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20 June
1931.
Adolfo Cockburn, Deputado Suplente.
Memo from Gen. C.
B. Matthews, Jefe Director GN,
Managua, to Col. C. A. Wynn, Bluefields.
"HEADQUARTERS
GUARDIA NACIONAL DE NICARGUA ¶ MANAGUA
NICARGUA ¶ 20 June, 1931. ¶ From: The
Jefe Director. ¶ To: The Area Commander,
Eastern Area, Guardia Nacional,
Bluefields, Nicaragua. ¶ Subject: Adolfo
Cockburn, Diputado Suplente. ¶
References: (a) Letter this office,
OS—chk—4.0, 27 April, 131. ¶ (b) Your
letter, 1 June 1931. ¶ 1. Reference (b)
is acknowledged. The enclosures will be
retained here for future use. ¶ 2. This
headquarters agrees with the
recommendation made in par. 4 of
reference (b), but believes that the
chances for its approval would be
greatly enhanced if the Jefe Politico
would submit a recommendation, together
with substantiation evidence direct to
the president. That procedure will, it
is believed, be better than the
alternative expressed in paragraph 2 of
reference (a). ¶ OTTO SALZMAN, By
direction."
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20 June
1931.
Petition from Miskito Indians.
Memo from Gen. C.
B. Matthews, Jefe Director GN,
Managua, to Col. C. A. Wynn, Bluefields.
"... 3. For
the guidance of officers who may serve
in the Eastern Area in the future and
who may be confronted with similar
matters, the Jefe Director desires it
known that he considers the subject,
dealt with in the Petition from the
Miskito Indians, one beyond the
functions and mission of the Guardia
Nacional during its administration by
officers of the regular United States
service, and advises all concerned to
refrain from discussing affairs which
may tend to embarrass our connection
with the Guardia. ¶ 4. It
might be wise to remark that "to listen
but say nothing" is safe, courteous,
diplomatic and free from any
complications."
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20 June
1931.
Letter from Gen.
C. B. Matthews, Jefe Director GN,
Managua, to US Minister Matthew Hanna,
Managua, p. 1.
"GUARDIA NACIONAL
DE NICARAGUA, ¶ MANAGUA, Nicaragua ¶ 20
June 1931. ¶ My Dear Sir: ¶ In
connection with copies of communications
recently furnished to you on the subject
of the proposed establishment of a
guardia post at Waspook, Cabo Gracias a
Dios, I have the honor to quote
herewith, for your information, extracts
from the letters received from Colonel
C.A. Wynn, G.N., Area Commander of the
Eastern Area, dated 3 June and 9 June,
dealing with the matter now under
discussion with Mr. Bordas of the
Nicaraguan Products Company, Cabo
Gracias: ¶ x x x In regard to the
proposition of the Nicaraguan Products
Company to maintain twenty men and the
establishment of a post at Waspook, I
have looked up the financial and
business status of the Company and Mr.
Bordas. The reports are not favorable.
The company has very little standing and
assets. The total amount of business
done since the first of the year,
according to the records in the office
of the American Consul, is less than two
thousand dollars. I have not been able
to find out what properties they have in
the vicinity of Waspook that needs such
protection. Waspook is a most out of the
way place and so far up the river as to
be out of supporting distance or
communication with any other guardia
post. It will be impossible to maintain
a thirty man post there without a large
expenditure for transportation and
rations. They could not be fed on a
twenty cent ration. I presume that any
contract with the company will place the
burden of transportation and rations on
the Company. I am very much in favor of
a post at either Saklin or Kisalaya and
believe that the interest of the company
can be protected from one of those
places. I have asked Inman for his
recommendation and such information as
he may have. x x x ( June 3) ¶ x x x The
Nicaraguan Products Company is
incorporated in New York. It is rumored
that the presence of guardia at Waspook
might be used in a stock selling scheme.
As you know, the local [...]"
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20 June
1931.
Letter from Gen.
C. B. Matthews, Jefe Director GN,
Managua, to US Minister Matthew Hanna,
Managua, p. 2.
"[...] manager is
Mr. Bordas of Cape Gacias. ¶ They have a
small saw mill at Cape Gacias which is
the only holdings they have on the Wanks
(Coco) River at the present time. ¶ They
occasionally purchase logs from local
holders on the River, but in the past
six months their drafts have not been
honored. This agrees with my previous
report as (to) their financial status.
Dunn & Co., in their business guide,
reports the Company as not in good
standing. ¶ From a strategical point of
view, Waspook would be the ideal
location. But its isolation makes it
difficult to support and supply. It
would be almost impossible during the
rainy season. ¶ There are no housing
facilities at either Waspook, Sacklin or
Kisalaya for a detachment of thirty men.
¶ Should the plan go through to
establish a post in this vicinity at the
expense of the Nicaraguan Products
Company, I strongly recommend that the
Company be required to make a
substantial deposit before the plan is
put into effect. x x x (June 9) ¶ I am,
My Dear Sir ¶ Very respectfully yours, ¶
C. B. MATTHEWS ¶ Major General, ¶
Guardia Nacional, ¶ Jefe Director. ¶ The
American Minister,¶ Legation of the
United States, ¶ Managua, Nicaragua."
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22 June 1931
(1100).
Radiogram from
Sr. Manuel C. y Bordas, Cape
Gracias, to Gen. C. B. Matthews, Jefe
Director GN Managua, p. 1.
"REFERENTE SU
CARTA DE 30 DE MAYO SIENDO DE SUMA
IMPORTANCIA EL QUE LA GUARDIA MANTENGA
COMUNICACION INMEDIATA PUERTOS DE LA
COSTA LA NICARAGUAN PRODUCTS CORPORATION
OFRECE CONSTRUCCION ESTACION INALAMBRICO
WASPOOK Y PAGARA MENSUALMENTE A LA
GUARDIA CUATROCIENTOS CUARENTA CORDOBAS
CORRESPONDIENTE SU CUOTA VIENTE HOMBRES
ADEMAS OFRECEMOS LIBRE DE GASTOS EL USO
DEL INALABRICO EL TRANSPORTE DE GUARDIAS
SOBRE EL RIO DE ESTE PUERTO DE BAJADA
COMO DE TREPADA PUNTO TAMBIEN DAREMOS
LIBRE DE GASTOS CADA VEZ NECESARIO UNO
DE NUESTROS REMOLCADORES Y CASA PARA EL
ALOJAMIENTO GUARDIAS PUNTO EN CAMBIA
PEDIMOS POR PARTE GOBIERNO LIBRE DE
DERECHOS MAQUINARIAS CONSTRUCCION DEL
INALABRICO Y EL COMBUSTIBLE NECESARIO SU
MANTENIMIENTO PUNTO GASTOS TRASPORTE
DESDE MANAGUA A ESTE PUERTO GUARDIAS
PUNTO NUESTRO COMPROMISO ABARCA A DIEZ
GUARDIAS ADICIONALES PUNTO ESPERO SU
CONTESTACION MANUEL C. BORDAS"
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22 June 1931
(1100).
Radiogram from
Sr. Manuel C. y Bordas, Cape
Gracias, to Gen. C. B. Matthews, Jefe
Director GN Managua, p. 2.
"Radiogram from
Cape Gracias June 22, 1931. ¶ Señor
Matthews, Jefe Director, Guardia
Nacional, ¶ Managua. ¶ In reference to
your letter of May 30th, being of such
importance that the Guardia has a
communication with the ports in the
Coast the Nicaraguan Products
Corporation offers the construction of a
wireless station at Waspook and will pay
monthly to the Guardia the sum of four
hundred and forty dollars corresponding
to its share for twenty men, furthermore
we offer the use of the Wireless free of
expenses, the transfer of the guardias
upon the river of this Port, up and down
the river period We will also provide
free of expenses when necessary one of
our tug boats and house for the quarter
of the guardia period but at the same
time we ask from the Government the
entrance of the machinery for the
wireless free of duties and the
necessary fuel for its running period
Also the expenses of transportation of
the Guardia from Managua to this port.
Period Our compromise includes ten
additional guardias period I await for
your reply. ¶ (a) Manuel C. Bordas."
[Handwritten at bottom:]
"President 6.Kispost at Waspook if the
company will pay men. Will not
take up? about unless equipment
free of duty ¶ [Kim Long]?]
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25 June
1931.
Letter from
Felipe Ubieta, Gobernador de la
Comarca, to jefe de la Guardia Nacional
Zona Norte de la Costa Atlantica Capitan
Inman, Puerto Cabezas.
"Por radio
de ayer me permiti informarle
vreveamente del regreso de la comision
de la Guardia Nacional comandada por el
Sargento Rivas, hoy por medio de la
present hago mas extenso ese informe.
¶ La comision llego hasta Waspook
requisitando los pueblos intermedios
desde el Bon, no encontrando en ninguno
de ellos señales ni noticias de
insurjentes hasta en Waspook donde fue
informado que Abraham Rivera mas de ocho
dias antes habia estado en Sang Sang
solo el con marinas: Que en
Crautara hay unas mulas reconcentradas
alli; y el vientidos en la noche llego
la comision de regreso a Sacklin donde
encontro al individuo Miguel Arana en
comision de la Compañia en busca de
trabajadores. ¶ Todos los
vecinos de los pueblos que la comision
visito quedaron muy satisfechos porque
comprended que el Gobierno con la
Guardia Nacional esta ampliando en este
Litoral la zona de garantias para sus
habitantes; meritorio seria el extender
esta protecion con mas efectividad, lo
que haria reeviver los negocios en este
rio.-"
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25 June
1931.
Patrol Report,
1st Sgt. Pablo Rivas, GN #174,
Cape Gracias, to the Jefe de la Guardia
Nacional, Puerto Cabezas, p. 1.
"On 17 June 1931
I cleared in direction of the Rio Coco,
and made a patrol through the villages
in the vicinity of this port up to
Waspook upon the river; on 21 June I
arrived Waspook, all the villages were
quiet inclusive Waspook. ¶ I
only captured two national rifles which
were found in hands of an unknown man,
this was one of the bandits who fought
in the R.R. line of this Port, when he
saw the Guardia he ran out, but was shot
and killed. ¶ The form of
the patrol was well prepared: half of
same went via the river and the other
half via the trail, this under my
command, in this form we arrived the
mouth of the River at Waspook. I
remained here one day gathering all
possible information, and knew that
around these places there are several
mules belonging to the Company in Puerto
Cabezas. All these places are
quiet and I believe there is no danger
for them if the Company wants to recover
their mules. ¶ The mission
of this patrol was specially for
gathering information to verify the
reports given by the natives living Rio
Arriba, and I am sure that all the
territory from this port up to Waspook
is entirely quiet. ¶ All the
members of this patrol showed a good
conduct and discipline and all the gente
(the people) on the river were entirely
satisfied."
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25 June
1931.
Patrol Report,
1st Sgt. Pablo Rivas, GN #174,
Cape Gracias, to the Jefe de la Guardia
Nacional, Puerto Cabezas, p. 2.
Capt. O. A.
Inman, Dept. Commander, cover letter for
Sgt. Rivas report, to Col. C. A. Wynn,
Area Commander Bluefields. "1. As
stated in reference (a) [Sgt. Rivas
patrol report] and radio reports from
Cape Gracias, 1st. Sgt. Rivas and seven
Guardia cleared Cape Gracias at 2:00 PM.
17 June 31, with destination Waspoock.
The patrol arrived at Waspoock 21 June
31., making a thorough reconnaissance
enroute. The Patrol remained in
vicinity of Waspoock one day, leaving by
motor boat 22 June 31., and arriving
Cabo Gracias 24 June 31. ¶
2.- One prisoner, known by members of
the patrol to have been with the bandits
at Logtown 11 to 13 April 31., was
captured and two rifles confiscated. The
prisoner attempted to escape and was
shot while running away."
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