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PC28.04.26   Pefley

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28.04.23 GALT
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28.04.26 PEFLEY
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28.04.30 ARNETT
28.05.06 HART

28.04.26.   Pefley, Report of Patrol, Darío

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T  R  A  N  S  C  R  I  P  T  I  O  N

Dario, Nicaragua
26 April, 1928.

From: Second Lieutenant AP Pefley, U.S.M.C.
To: The Commanding Officer
Via: Commanding Officer, Dario
Subject: Report of Patrol

     1.   At 0600, April 23, 1928 I with eight men left Dario to patrol the region around San Isidro. At the river "Viego" [Viejo] we turned off the Real de la Cruz road toward San Isidro. Traveled all day mapping the main road and investigating side roads. Ambushed a cross roads about four miles outside of San Isidro at night. Entered San Isidro early in the morning interviewing the shop-keepers and many natives. All reported that they had had no trouble with bandits and were not molested. Left for San Isidro after making a map of the town, and proceeded toward Real de la Cruz and Mangas. Unable to find road indicated on map to these places; natives all saying we were on the only road to Real de la Cruz. Proceeded South and mapped a short distance in both directions on the Leon-Matagalpa road. Entered a small village called Jicote and camped for the night. Proceeded back to Dario the following day arriving at 1600.

     2.   The natives in this region seem very friendly especially when treated properly and [ p. 2 ] assured that the marines mean them no harm. The store keepers in San Isidro and the natives along the road all reported that everything was quite [quiet], that they were not molested by bandits. There are many comparative prosperous places along the Sebaco road which bandits could loot were their motive purely plunder.

     3.   Conclusions:- It seems as though banditry in the San Isidro region is more of the nature of a private feud. On 13 April the bandits came to Sebaco took a prisoner and robbed a store (other stores were not bothered). That night my patrol missed them by an hour. From information from a reliable native, this gang lives in the hills south of Esteli. If their motive was solely robbery, I do not believe they would come all the way to such a poor place as Sebaco.

     The region around San Isidro is very sparsely populated, water is scarce, and the few natives living in this section seem peaceful and are friendly when given to understand that the marines are in their country to protect them from bandits.

     The country is dry, very dusty and in places rocky. There are few places suitable for camps. The roads are lined with thick underbrush. Very little of the soil is cultivated.

Respectfully Submitted,
   /s/ AR Pefley
      2nd Lieut.

127/43A/20

Summary & Notes:

   Mapping patrol from Darío to San Isidro; Marines busily engaged in mapping the roads, towns, etc.
   No reports of banditry in San Isidro.
   Natives friendly "when treated properly" and "when given to understand that the marines are in their country to protect them from bandits."
   Interesting observations on banditry being about more than plunder; "more in the nature of a private feud."  Here Pefley conflates "private feud" and disputes over access to state offices.  He's right that "banditry" (organized political violence) in the zone is about more than plunder, but wrong to frame it as a "private feud."
   Gang living in hills south of Estelí; either Liberal or Conservative (probably Conservative).
   Sébaco:  "such a poor place."

   Description of physical environment, social geography: dry, dusty, rocky, scarce water, little cultivated soil (this was cattle ranching country).

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